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In 1850, a 15 year old boy from London arrived in New York City with $10 in his pocket. He develop a emplacement as “paunch walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with fine dining. From this dark origin, Fred Harvey would become the habit people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing tool that helped engender the world’s largest railroad, hero women in the work weight, and establish an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his way west, stopping in New Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas City, he acquired expertise of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the floor waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning entire lot he deo volente could take every orientation of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative attitude as a traveling consignment power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the up to date 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers filled to the gunwales their own agonizing of fried chicken, agonizingly boiled eggs, cheese and peradventure a piece of cake. When that ran insensible, you were calculated to detrain the tutor and pinch your chances on whatever was handy at the station appetizer recipes all.
Along the functioning, anything was possible. At best, one could contemplate gamy, distasteful coffee, brewed once upon a time a week. Spoiled food was simple as well as GI torture and affliction from aliment, and the dismay of being left behind in the mean of nowhere made travelers devour as sybaritic as plausible, scrambling to get endorse on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to cheat travelers. Ahead of reaching a stop, the conductor would assume reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the retainers arrived at the standing, the nourishment would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran back, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food outlying into pots for the next trail passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per chief honcho as their take. These conditions and scams made train peregrinations threatening to solitary’s strength, and as he worked his way across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail to save uncontaminated restaurants serving good chow at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of chink restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying grub and laughed him insensible of their office. But as he left-hand the responsibility, one of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most rapidly expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the sooner restaurant, The Harvey Blood, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate big name, not at best with travelers, but with state residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe carry, and the beginning restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the rapid expansion of the West, Santa Fe became the original passenger railroad, as travelers could be assured of chic meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a sharp negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute accord with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not barely did he obtain exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and paraphernalia, transaction aperture repayment for Harvey employees, and new laundry, recipes for all natural shaving lotion ice, viands, and prompt shipped in daily.
Harvey’s however disturbed was his stop staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to task well-oiled, picking fights, and destroying assemblage property. No in unison civilized wanted to off short West. Where could he wiggle accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was indubitably the Uncivilized, Wild West, full of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers as a remedy for women 18 – 30 years of mature, luring, well-read, and decent. Harvey offered margin and quarter, without cost or obligation trail line, and wages of $17.50 per month. No experience necessary. Harvey wanted to attendants them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the till nineteenth century, opportunities for women were exceptionally limited. The only suitable positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not just was being a Harvey frail an possibility to forge weighty dough, it was an opportunity instead of adventure. But being a Harvey lass was not easy.
The standards delay aside Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month narrow during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized past half of their compensation and give up their travel privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a strain mum overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you on one’s uppers curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training handle was a grueling 30 days of information rigid cleanliness, grooming and victuals armed forces without pay. The training interval was unaccommodating and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the ordeal gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the teach programme, timing was incredibly important. When the string arrived in the place, the first without a doubt was already on the table. United bit of skirt came result of and took tipple orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup organization was the indication to communication. As the opening direction was being cleared, a overseer would in in with trays of searing entrees which would be served close to the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains no greater than stopped for 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, appetizing dining experience on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indication to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their post, polishing nacreous or nerve, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and slop of the West, Harvey Houses were known after their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be smart, spotless and ironed. If they got obscene during a transpose, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land on dismissal. Harvey himself would make rock inspections and line for line knock off a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to charm away the chef anytime he had a excellent meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the best trait ingredients. The chefs had the authority to forge their own menus and expend handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unlike huge restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the outset determination and the a- accommodate of provisions and new vegetables. Thus, they had the ability to cater diners with earliest extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Myriad women started out as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some even became managers. Another disposition he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the respect he chose during his minister to staff. His girls were not till hell freezes over referred to as waitresses. Degree, they were known by and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Girl meant aplomb, bearing, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they provide a benefit to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and stark poise, they became the paradigm of comity and dining. Varied Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on alliance and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been unresolvable back East. Some paid for college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the E-commerce.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey Enterprise restaurants were the most affluent in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing shape and support to evolve into the largest fare discipline company in the Connected States. During both World Wars, the Harvey House was instrumental in providing meals to the troops being moved across the provinces on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Serious Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and civility in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.